ANY IDEA THAT IS NOT YOUR OWN MUST IDENTIFY THE SOURCE!! You should use parenthetical citations in your paper.
Check the school library website for how to cite a source, or see below:
For a description of parenthetical citations, check the info below from the Dawson College styleeheet:
"
- The most common form of citation gives the author's last name followed immediately by page number(s):
(Martinez 78-79)
- If you have mentioned the author's name in your essay, fairly close to the citation, give page number(s) only:
(78-79)
- If there are two or three authors, list their last names :
(Leung and Whitfield 3-5) (Jones, Aziz, and Renkov 95)
- If there are more than three authors, you may use the Latin abbreviation et al. ("and others") following the first author's name:
(Schwartz et al. 61-63)
- Internet items and certain other sources have no page numbers. If an author's name is given, use that; often, an organization or Internet site's name must be cited instead.
(Wilson) (United Nations) (History Online)
- In other cases, when no author is named (e.g. an anonymous Internet item, an unsigned encyclopedia article), you may use a title or heading, or else a key word from it.
("War of 1812") ("Architecture")
Placement and Punctuation of MLA Citations
When a segment of research information is summarized in your own words, the citation follows it immediately. It comes before the closing punctuation as shown below:
The loss of the Franklin Expedition was largely due to the failure of the English explorers to adapt to the severe northern conditions and to provision their ships properly for the long Arctic winters (Parker 54-55).
Following a brief direct quotation, the citation is placed after the closing quotation marks but before the closing punctuation:
The expedition was "doomed from the start by the cavalier attitudes characteristic of the British navy in Franklin's time" (Singh and Johnson 77).
Long quotations are set off from the text of your essay, with the entire passage indented. (Quotation marks are not needed.) In this case, the citation follows the closing punctuation:
Disease, overpopulation, unprovoked crime, scarcity of resources, refugee migrations, the increasing erosion of nation-states and international borders, and the empowerment of private armies, security firms, and international drug cartels are now tellingly demonstrated through a West African prism. Societies throughout the world must learn from this tragic example. (Kangi 45)
Source: Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 5th ed. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1999."
Comments (0)
You don't have permission to comment on this page.